Refinancing your home can be an
excellent way to bring down your monthly mortgage payment, raise cash, or
consolidate debts with high interest rates. However, you need to do your
homework before deciding to refinance. One important factor is the difference
between current interest rates and the rate of your original loan. You also
need to take into account the amount of time it will take to recoup the costs
of refinancing.When
should you refinance?
Some common reasons homeowners refinance include:
- Lower monthly mortgage
payments
- Convert an adjustable rate
mortgage (ARM) to a fixed-rate mortgage
- Raise funds for family
expenses (i.e. college tuition)
- Pay off high-interest
loans
- Home improvements
The old rule of thumb is that
you should refinance your home if interest rates fall more than 2 percent.
That's because refinancing usually involves most of the same closing costs
(loan origination fee, prepaid interest, etc.) as the original loan. For
anything less than 2 percent, the savings on your monthly mortgage payment
might not be significant enough to be worth your while.
Savings vs. time
For some homeowners, though, the 2 percent rule is not as important as the
time needed to break even on the refinancing. For instance, if it costs $3,000
to refinance a house, and the monthly mortgage payment is lowered by $90, it
would take almost 3 years for the savings to cover the costs of refinancing.
If all the information
(survey, title search, etc.) for your old loan is still current, however, the
lender may be willing to waive many of the fees. In addition, you may be able
to roll the closing costs of a refinance loan into the new note. In other
words, you don't avoid the closing costs, but instead pay them back over time
along with the rest of the loan. If you consider this option, be sure to
calculate the potential savings vs. the expense of paying off a higher
principal balance.
Keep in mind that refinancing
usually lengthens the time it takes to pay off your house. If you are 3 years
into a 30-year mortgage and then refinance with a new 30-year loan, you'll end
up making payments on the house for 33 years. Nevertheless, if the monthly
savings are substantial enough, you still could end up paying much less over
the long haul with the new loan.
Adjustable Rate Mortgages
(ARMs)
Timing can also be a factor in switching from an ARM to a fixed-rate loan. For
example, rising interest rates might influence you to covert your ARM into a
fixed-rate loan if you plan to stay in your house for several more years.
Conversely, you may plan to
move in a year or two, and find a lender who is willing to offer you dramatic
interest rate savings with an ARM. In this case (and as long as the closing
costs are minimal), it might make sense to switch from a fixed-rate loan to an
ARM.
Equity
Refinancing with a new loan doesn't mean you have to give up all the money
you've paid towards your old mortgage. With each payment, you build up a
certain amount of equity in a property--which is the amount you've paid on the
principal balance of the loan.
For example, if you have a
$100,000 loan at 8 percent, you would build about $2,800 worth of equity in
the first 3 years. Thus, if you refinanced, the new loan would only amount to
$97,200.
Raising cash with home
equity loans... use caution
If you've built enough equity, you can refinance in order to take cash out of
the property. Perhaps you need money to pay off your credit cards, add a new
bathroom, or cover the costs of braces for a child. Regardless, lenders will
typically allow you to borrow against the equity you've built in your house,
plus appreciation (often up to 75 percent of the current appraised value).
These types of loans are also called home equity loans.
Be cautious, however, of
lenders offering 100 percent or 125 percent home equity loans--their rates are
often markedly higher than traditional lenders. In addition, any amount you
borrow that is above the market value of the house is NOT tax deductible.
Talk to your lender
With all the different types of refinancing loans available today, you should
take some time to shop around and speak with several lenders before making a
decision. Be sure to discuss all the expenses and benefits, as well as what
will be expected of you, in advance. The more you educate yourself, the better
your chances of finding the right refinancing package.
